Bovine Herpesvirus-1 in Khouzestan province in Iran: seroprevalence and risk factors

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.

3 Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

4 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Bovine herpesvirus type-1 (BoHV-1) is a DNA virus that is classified in the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae and genus Varicellovirus. This virus causes the respiratory disease, abortion, conjunctivitis, infectious pustular vulvovaginitis or balanoposthitis and other clinical forms of the complex diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factors of BoHV-1 infection in cattle in Khuzestan province in Iran. Blood samples were randomly collected from 534 cattle in 9 districts of Khuzestan province including Ahvaz, Baghmalek, Shooshtar, Dezful, Shadegan, Hendijan, Behbahan, Ramhormoz and Susangerd. The sera were examined by a commercial ELISA kite. The association between age, sex, breed, history of abortion, husbandry type and geographic location was analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression. Seroprevalence rate of BoHV-1 infection was 48.69 % (95% CI: 44.49-52.89). Statistical analysis showed that age, geographic location and type of husbandry are significantly associated with infection (P<0.001). This study highlights the significant prevalence of BoHV-1 in the cattle in Khuzestan province, suggesting that appropriate prevention and control programs should be considered to reduce prevalence and economic losses by health authorities and animal owners.

Keywords

References

References
Benoit, M., Julien, T., Philippe, K., Frederic, S. & Etienne, T. (2007). Bovine herpesvirus 1 infection and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. Vet. Res. 38, 181–209.
Boelaert, F., Biront, P., Soumare, B., Dispas, M., Vanopdenbosch, E., Vermeersch, J.P., Raskin, A., Dufey, J., Berkvens, D. & Kerkhofs, P. (2000). Prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1 in the Belgian cattle population. Prev. Vet. Med. 45, 285-295.
Boelaert, F., Speybroeck, N., de Kruif, A., Aerts, M., Burzykowski, T., Molenberghs, G. & Berkvens, DL. (2005). Risk factors for bovine herpesvirus-1 seropositivity. Prev. Vet. Med. 69, 285-295.
Carbonero, A., Saa, L.R., Jara, D.V., García-Bocanegra, I., Arenasa, A., Borgea, C. & Pereaa, A. (2011). Seroprevalence and risk factors associated to Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) infection in non-vaccinated dairy and dual purpose cattle herds in Ecuador. Prev. Vet. Med. 100, 84–88.
Constable, P.D., Hinchcliff, K.W., Done, S.H. & Granberg, W. (2017). Veterinary Medicine..W.B. Saunders Copmpany, London, UK. 11th ed. PP: 952-962.
Dias, J.A., Alfieri, A.A., Ferreira-Neto, J.S., Goncalves, VSP. & Muller, EE. (2013). Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Bovine Herpesvirus 1Infection in Cattle Herds in the State of Parana´, Brazil. Transbound. Emerg. Dis. 60, 39-47.
Dyce, K.M., Sack, W.O. & Wensing, C.J.G. (2012). Text book of veterinary anatomy. Saunders. PP: 654-655.
Ezzi, A., Hatami, A., Bakhshesh, M., Shoukri, M.R. & Gharaghozloyan, M. (2013). Serological study of bovine herpesvirus type 1 and parainfluenza type 3 in cow farms of Qazvin province based on different ages and seasons. Arch. Razi. Inst. 68, 53-57.
Ghaemmaghami, S., Ahmadi, M., Deniko, A., Mokhberosafa, L. & Bakhshesh, M. (2013). Serological study of BVDV and BHV-1 infections in industrial dairy herds of Arak. Iran. J. Sci. Technol. 5, 43-61.
Haji Hajikolaei, M.R. & Seyfiabad shapouri, MR. (2006). Seroepidemiological survey of infections with BHV-1 in Ahvaz cattle. Iran. Vet. J. 2, 2, 23-31.
Kaashoek, M.J., Moerman, A., Madić, J., Rijsewijk, FA.,  Quak, J., Gielkens, AL.& van Oirschot, JT.(1994). A conventionally attenuated glycoprotein E-negative strain of bovine herpesvirus type 1 is an efficacious and safe vaccine. Vaccine, 12, 439-444.
Kargar Moakhar, R., Bokaei, S., Akhavizadegan, M.A., Charkhkar, S. & Meshkot, M. (2001). Seroepidemological Survey for Antibodies against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis and Bovine Herpes 4 Viruses among Cattle in Different Provinces of Iran. Arch. Razi. Inst. 52, 93-102.
Mars, M.H., de Jong, M.C., Franken, P. & van Oirschot, JT. (2001). Efficacy of a live glycoprotein E-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine in cattle in the field. Vaccine. 19, 1924-1930.
Muylkens, B., Thiry, J., Kirten, P., Schynts, F. & Thiry, E. (2007). Bovine herpesvirus 1 infection and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. Vet. Rec. 38, 181-209.
Nuotio, L., Neuvonen, E. & Hyytiäinen, M. (2007). Epidemiology and eradication of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IBR/IPV) virus in Finland. Acta. Vet. Scand. 12, 49-53.
OIE. Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals (2017). http://www.oie.int/manual-of-diagnostic-tests-and-vaccines-for-terrestrial-animals.
Pastoret, PP., Thirym E., Brochier, B. & Derboven, G. (1982). Bovid herpesvirus 1 infection of cattle: pathogenesis, latency, consequences of latency. Ann. Vet. Res. 13, 221-235.
Paton, D.J., Christiansen, K.H., Alenius, S., Cranwell, M.P., Pritchard, GC. & Drew, TW. (1998). Prevalence of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus and other viruses in bulk tank milk in England and Wales. Vet. Rec. 142, 385-391.
Raaperi, K., Orro, T. & Viltrop, A. (2014). Epidemiology and control of bovine herpesvirus 1 infection in Europe. Vet. J. 201, 249-256.‏
Romero-Salas, D., Ahuja-Aguirre, C., Montiel-Palacios, F., Zeferino García- Vázquez, Z., Cruz-Romero, A. & Aguilar-Domínguez, M. (2013). Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in unvaccinated cattle in Southern Veracruz, Mexico. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 7, 1716- 1722.
Rychner, JJ. (1841). Bujatrik oder Systematisches Handbuch der äusserlichen und innerlichen Kr ankheiten des Rindviehes. Aufl. Chr. Fischer. Verlag. Bern. 2, 514-517.
Saravanajayam, M., Kumanan, K. & Balasubramaniam, A. (2015). Seroepidemiology of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis Seroepidemiology of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis infection in unvaccinated cattle. Vet. World. 8, 1416-1419.
Sayers, R.G., Byrne, N., O’Doherty, E. & Arkins, S. (2015). Prevalence of exposure to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) in Irish dairy herds. Res. Vet. Sci. 100, 21-30.
Segura-Correa, J.C., Zapata-Campos, CC., Jasso-Obregón, J.O., Martinez-Burnes, J. & López-Zavala, R. (2016). Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus in North-Eastern Mexico. Open. Vet. J. 6, 143-149.
Seyfi Abad Shapouri, MR., Ghiami Rad, M., Haji Hajikolaei, MR., Mahmoodi, P., Karami, A. & Daghari, M. (2016). Isolation of Bovine Herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) From Latently Infected/Carrier Cattle in Ahvaz. Iran. J. Ruminant. Health. Res, 1, 11-20.
Silva Fdos, S., de Oliveira, J.M.B., Batista Filho, A.F.B.,  Ribeiro, CP.,  Pituco, EM. & Pinheiro Junior, JW. (2015). Seroepidemiological survey of infection bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) in cattle in the State of Pernambuco. Acta. Sci. Vet. 43, 1324.‏
Smith, B.P. (2015). Large animal internal medicine, Elsevier Health Sciences, United States. 5th ed. PP: 584- 587, 1471-1472.
Stahl, K., Rivera, H., Vagsholm, I. & Moreno-Lo´pez, J. (2002). Bulk milk testing for antibody seroprevalences to BVDV and BHV-1 in a rural region of Peru. Prev. Vet. Med. 56, 193–202.
Van Oirschot, J.T., Kaashoek, M.J., Maris-Veldhuis, M.A., Weerdmeester, K. & Rijsewijk, F.A.(1997). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies against glycoprotein gE of bovine herpesvirus 1 allows differentiation between infected and vaccinated cattle. J. Virol. Methods. 67, 23-34.
Woodbine, K.A., Medley, G.F., Moore, S.J., Ramirez- Villaescusa, A.M., Mason, S. & Green, L.G. (2009). A four year longitudinal sero-epidemiological study of bovine herpesvirus type-1 (BHV-1) in adult cattle in 107 unvaccinated herds in south west England. BMC Vet. Res. 5, 5.
Woodbine, KA., Medley, GF., Moore, SJ., Ramirez- Villaescusa, AM., Mason, S. & Green, LG. (2009). A four year longitudinal sero-epidemiological study of bovine herpesvirus type-1 (BHV-1) in adult cattle in 107 unvaccinated herds in south west England. BMC Vet. Res. 5, 5.
Iranian Journal of Ruminants Health Research
Volume 2, Issue 1
April 2017
Pages 47-56

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics