Seroprevalence of Oestrus ovis infection in sheep in Southwest of Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

2 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.

3 Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.

4 Department of food hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.

10.22055/ijrhr.2020.32445.1031

Abstract

Oestrus ovis, sheep nasal bot fly, is one of the important parasites and causes of sinus and nasal myiasis in small ruminants. It is a zoonotic infection that causes disturbing myiasis in humans. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of O.ovis infection in the sheep population in the southwest of Iran. During 2009-2010, blood samples were collected monthly and randomly from 1800 sheep (>6 months of age) of Ilam and slaughtered sheep of Ahvaz (the capital of Khuzestan). All sera were examined for antibodies to crude somatic antigens of O.ovis second-stage larvae using an Elisa test. Positive sera were prepared by marking the sheep, blood taking and direct observation of the parasite in the head. The somatic antigens were prepared by ultra-sonication of the second-stage larvae.
Results of the ELISA test on the sheep sera revealed that seroprevalence of Oestrus ovis infection in sheep of Ilam and Khuzestan was 427 (47.4%), out of 900 and 398 (44.2%) out of 900 respectively. Mean seroprevalence of Oestrus ovis infection in sheep in south West-Iran was 825 of 1800(45.8%). Seasonal differences in the prevalence of the infection were significant (p<0.001), with the highest rates in spring (Apr.-May. 62.7%) and autumn (Oct. 61.5%, Nov. 76.0%), the lowest rates in summer (Aug. 27.1%-29.3%) and winter (Jan. 41.1%, Feb. 26.7%). The results of this study demonstrate that O.ovis has a widespread distribution in the sheep population of southwest-Iran. Control measures must be applied continuously to decrease the incidence of the infection in livestock herds.

Keywords

References

References
Alborzi, AR., Jolodar, A., Seyfi Abad Shapouri, M. and Bagherian pour E. (2014). Isolation and identification of excretory-secretory and somatic antigens from the Oestrus ovis larvae by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. Vet. Res. F. 5, 4, 307 – 311.
Alcaide, M., Reina, D., Frontera, E. and Navarrete, I. (2005). Analysis of larval antigens of Oestrus ovis for the diagnosis of oestrosis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Med. Vet. Entomol. 19,2, 151-157.
Alcaide, M., Reina, D., Sanchez-Lopez, J., Frontera, E. and Navarrete, I. (2005). Seroprevalence of Oestrus ovis (Diptera, Oestridae) infestation and associated risk factors in ovine livestock from southwestern Spain. J Med Entomol.  42, 327-331.
Ali, A., Feroze, AH., Ferrar, P., Abbas, A. and Beg, MA. (2006). First report of ophthalmomyaisis externa in Pakistan. J. Pak. Med. Assoc. 56, 86–7.
Alizadeh, M., Mowlavi, G., Kargar, F., Nateghpour, M., Akbarzadeh, K., & Hajenorouzali-Tehrani, M. (2014). A review of myiasis in Iran and a new nosocomial case from Tehran, Iran. J Arthropod Borne Dis. 8, 124.
Angulo-Valadez, C E., Cepeda-Palacios, R., Ascencio, F., Jacquiet, Ph., Dorchies, Ph., Ramirez-Orduna, J M. and Lopez M A. (2009). IgG antibody response against salivary gland antigens from Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae) in experimentally and naturally infected goats. Vet. Parasitol. 16, 356–359. 
Angulo-Valadez, CE., Scala, A., Grisez, C., Prevot, F., Bergeaud, JP., Carta, A., Cepeda-Palacios, R., Ascencio, F., Terefe, G., Dorchies, P. and Jacquiet, P. (2008). Specific IgG antibody responses in Oestrus ovis L. (Diptera: Oestridae) infected sheep: associations with intensity of infection and larval development. Vet. Parasitol. 155, 3-4, 257-263.
Arslan F., Mete, B., Oztürk, R. and Samasti M.( 2010). External ophthalmomyiasis caused by Oestrus ovis in Istanbul. Trop. Doct. 40,3,186-7.
Arslan, MO., Kara, M. and Gicik Y. (2009). Epidemiology of Oestrus ovis infestations in sheep in Kars province of north-eastern Turkey. Trop. Anim. Health. Prod. 41,3, 299-305.
Bauer, C., Steng, G., Prevot, F. (2002). Dorchies P.  Seroprevalence of Oestrus ovis infestation in sheep in southwestern Germany. Vet. Parasitol. 110, 137–143. 
Dorchies, P. and Yilma, JM. (1996). Current knowledge in immunology of Oestrus ovis infection. Acta. Parasitol. Acta. Turcica. 20, 563–580.
Duranton,C., Dorchies, P., Grand, S., Lesure, C. (1999). Oswald IP. Changing reactivity of caprine and ovine mononuclear phagocytes throughout part of the life cycle of Oestrus ovis: assessment through spontaneous and inductible NO production.   Vet. Res. 30, 371–376.
Hakimi, R. and Yazsi I. (2002). Oral mucosa myiasis caused by Oestrus ovis. Arch. Iran. Med. 5,3, 194-196.
Hazratian, T., Tagizadeh, A., Chaichi, M. and Abbasi, M. (2017). Pharyngeal myiasis caused by sheep botfly, Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae) larva, Tabriz, East Azarbaijan Province, Iran: a case report. J Arthropod Borne Dis. 11, 166.
Jafari Shoorijeh, S., Tamadon, A., Negahban, SH. and Behzadi, MA. (2009) Prevalence and intensity of Oestrus ovis in sheep of Shiraz, southern Iran. Trop. Anim. Health. Prod. 41,7, 1259-1262.
Jenzerim S., Ammari, W., Attia, S., Zaouali, S., Babba, H., Messaoud, R. and Khairallah, M. (2009). External ophthalmomyiasis manifesting with keratouveitis. Int. Ophthalmol. 29, 533-535.
Kaufmann, J. (1996). Parasitic Infections of Domestic Animals: A Diagnostic Manual, Birkhäuser, Berlin, Germany. PP.183-84.
Marquardt, WC., Demaree, RS., Grieve, RB. (2000). Parasitology and Vector Biology. Harcoart Academic Press, London. 2nd Edition, PP: 273-279.
Masoodi, M. and Hosseini, K. (2003). The respiratory and allergic manifestation of human myiasis caused by larvae of the sheep bot fly (Oestrus ovis): A report of 33 pharyngeal cases from southern Iran. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 97,1, 75-81.
Melhorn, H. (2008). Encyclopedic Reference of Parasitology, Springer- Verlag Heidelberg. 2nd ed. PP: 720-22.
Ouattara, L., and P. Dorchies. (1996). Serological prevalence of Oestrus ovis infestation in Burkina Faso: evaluation using the ELISA technique. Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays.Trop. 49, 219-221.
Papadopoulos, E., Prevot, F., Jacquite, P., Duranton, C., Bergeaud, JP., Kalaitzakis, E. and Dorchies, P. (2001). Seasonal of variation of Oestrus ovis- specific antibodies in sheep and goat mixed floks in Greece, Vet Parasitol. 95,1, 73-77.
Romero, JA., Arias, MS., Suarez, JL., Paz-Silva, A., Francisco, I., Alonso, F., Cortinas, FJ., Dacal, V., Romasanta, A., Morrondo, P., Diez-Banos, P., Scala, A. and Sanchez-Andrade, R. (2010).   Application of the analysis of serum antibodies (IgM and IgG) to estimate the seroprevalence of ovine oestrosis and to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy. J. Med. Entomol. 47, 477–481.  
Roshanfekr, H. (2014). Estimation of genetic parameters for Kleiber ratio and trends for weight at birth and weaning in Arabi sheep. Int. J.  Adv. Biol. Biom. Res. 2,11, 2830-2836.
Suarez, JL., Scala, A., Romero, JA., Paz-Silva, A., Pedreira, J., Arias, M., Diaz, P., Morrondo, P., Diez-Banos, P. and Sanchez-Andrade, R. (2005). Analysis of the humoral immune response to Oestrus ovis in ovine. Vet. Parasitol. 134,153–158.
Tavassoli, M., Tajic, H., Malekifard, F., Solimanizadeh, A. and Mardani K. (2012). seasonal infestation of Oestrus ovis larvae in slaughtered sheep in urmia, Iran. IVJ. 7,4, 78- 98. (Persian full text).
Terefe, G., Yacob, HT., Grisez, C., Prevot, F., Dumas, E., Bergeaud, JP., Dorchies, P., Hoste, H. and Jacquiet P. (2005).  Haemonchus contortus egg excretion and female length reduction in sheep previously infected with Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae) larvae. Vet. Parasitol. 128,3-4, 271-283. 
Shokrollahi, B. and Baneh, H. (2012). Co-variance components and genetic parameters for growth traits in Arabi sheep using different animal models. G.M. R. 11, 305- 314.
Smillie, I., Gubbi, P. K. S., & Cocks, H. C. (2010). Nasal and ophthalmomyiasis: case report. J Laryngol Otol. 124, 934-935.
Sucilathangam, G., Meenakshisundaram, A., Hariramasubramanian, S., Anandhi, D., Palaniappan, N., & Anna, T. (2013). External ophthalmomyiasis which was caused by sheep botfly (Oestrus ovis) larva: a report of 10 cases. J Clin Diagn Res.  7(3), 539.
Wall, R. and Shearer, D. (2001). Veterinary Ectoparasites: Biology, pathology and control. New Jersey, USA: Wiley Blackwell. 2nd ed. PP.121-122.
Yilma, JM., Dorchies, Ph. (1991). Epidemiology of Oestrus ovis in southwest France. Vet. Parasitol. 40, 315-323.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics